Nadia Hathroubi-Safsaf: “Le 17 octobre 1961 doit rentrer dans les livres scolaires”
Nadia Hathroubi-Safsaf, rédactrice en chef du mensuel, Le Courier de l’Atlas, signe son premier roman, « Ce sont nos frères et leurs enfants sont nos enfants » aux éditions Zellige.
Elle y aborde un sujet méconnu du grand public, les Justes musulmans.Ces résistants maghrébins qui cachèrent au péril de leurs vies des juifs menacés par les nazis.
Une épopée dans la Seconde guerre mondiale à travers la plume de Salah, jeune algérien arrivé depuis peu à Paris. L’auteure a choisi d’ancrer son récit dans un aller-retour entre le passé et présent.
C’est la petite fille de Salah, Leïla, qui mène l’enquête au sujet de son grand-père disparu un tristement célèbre 17 octobre 1961. Cette quête de la vérité la mènera de Paris à Jérusalem.
Pourquoi avoir choisi comme point de départ le 17 octobre 1961 ?
Le 17 octobre 1961 doit rentrer dans les livres scolaires. C’est la manifestation d’un racisme d’Etat dont les fonctionnaires responsables ne furent jamais jugés !
Comment le préfet Maurice Papon, qui portait la responsabilité de la déportation de milliers de Juifs pendant la Seconde guerre mondiale a pu être rappelé à de si hautes fonctions ?
Il a clairement bénéficié d’une certaine mansuétude. Par ailleurs, ce crime d’Etat n’a été jamais été reconnu officiellement.C’est François Hollande en 2012 qui a pour la première fois, reconnu la répression de cette manifestation pacifique. On parle beaucoup du devoir de mémoire mais moins du devoir de transmission. J’ai voulu m’inscrire dans cette démarche.
Je veux que mes enfants, en partie d’origine algérienne, se souviennent toujours de cette date. Et au-delà du souvenir comprennent les enjeux de perpétuer cela à leur tour auprès de leurs enfants qui eux-mêmes en parleront aux leurs. Cette histoire ne doit pas s’éteindre avec les anciennes générations, les anciens témoins.
Comment vous est venue cette idée de roman ?
J’avais envie de rappeler à tous qu’il y a soixante-dix ans, des musulmans cachaient leurs frères juifs. On a oublié cet épisode, il n’est pas étudié à l’école. A l’heure où l’on parle beaucoup de bien-vivre ensemble, cet exemple gagnerait à être davantage raconté, expliqué.
J’en ai assez d’entendre qu’il y a un antisémitisme des banlieues, un antisémitisme maghrébin etc. Cela m’agace qu’on mélange tout le monde.
L’émission Envoyé spécial avait d’ailleurs réalisé un reportage d’un journaliste déambulant avec une kippa à Paris puis dans de nombreux quartiers populaires. J’ai le souvenir qu’en banlieue de Lyon, il avait été salué par un groupe de jeunes lui proposant un thé.
Par ailleurs dans le livre, on découvre les lois antisémites promulguées par les Allemands dès octobre 1940. Bien souvent les Français ont même devancé leurs attentes.
Expliquez-nous le titre ?
Ce qui les effrayent est le début du livre qui s’ouvre avec un bombardement à Gaza. Pourtant ce n’est pas de la fiction.
J’ai eu longtemps eu peur d’écrire ce livre, j’avais peur d’être mal comprise. Mais tous ces thèmes font partie intégrante de l’histoire de France, je pense plus particulièrement à la déportation des juifs français programmée avec l’aide des plus grandes instances de l’Etat en juillet 1942, et les massacres du 17 octobre 1961.
Ce sont des épisodes douloureux mais que je ne me suis pas interdite d’aborder. Comme d’autres épisodes tout aussi honteux : Le blanchiment de l’armée, les déclarations fracassantes de Jean-Marie Le Pen. C’est une manière de transmettre aux générations suivantes. Je veux qu’on se souvienne toujours de Fatima Bedar, cette jeune fille qui n’est jamais rentrée chez elle ce soir du 17 octobre 1961.
Immigrations plurielles-Témoignages singuliers, 2012. Les points sur les i.
1983-2013, la longue marche pour l’égalité, 2013. Les points sur les i.
La seule chose à briser, c’est le silence. (Collectif), 2015. Les points sur les i.
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